Physiol-MAKEUP Describe the single breath nitrogen washout technique. Briefly explain the physiological mechanisms involved in the concept of flow limitation. Physiol-96B06 Draw a respiratory flow/volume loop and outline how it is obtained. Physiol-97B07 Explain the factors influencing the distribution of ventilation during the inhalation of 500mL of air from Functional Residual Capacity in the erect posture. Physiol-98A02 Draw a flow/volume curve for a maximum forced expiration in a person with healthy lungs from: Physiol-03B11 Briefly describe the potential causes of a difference between measured end-tidal and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide. Physiol-05B16 Explain the changes on Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) that take place with the administration of anaesthesia.

Physiol-15A09 What are the physiological consequences of decreasing functional residual capacity by one litre in an adult? (also Physiol-04A12, Physiol-01A08) Physiol-17A11 Draw an expiratory flow volume curve obtained from a maximal expiratory effort after a vital capacity breath, for a person withĮxplain how and why these curves (and the derived parameters) are different in each disease state. (b) List and briefly describe what information can be obtained from the capnograph. (a) Draw and label a normal capnograph to show the phases of the respiratory cycle. (also Physiol-99B03, Physiol-98B08) Pulmonary Gas Volumes and Ventilation Physiol-03B13 Describe the factors that affect airways resistance. Physiol-08B13 Explain the concept of time constants and relate these to “fast” and “slow” alveoli. Physiol-10B12 Describe the function of the muscles involved in ventilation. Physiol-11A13 Describe the determinants of work of breathing in an adult human at rest. Discuss the difference between static and dynamic compliance. Physiol-18A13 Define and describe lung compliance. Physiol-20B03 Describe the factors that affect respiratory system compliance.

(also Physiol-02B10, Physiol-95B09) Mechanics of Breathing Include a brief explanation of the mechanism by which each achieves this increase. Physiol-06A10 List the physiological factors which increase respiratory rate. Physiol-15A02 Outline the role of carbon dioxide in the maintenance of ventilation. Physiol-21A15 Describe the respiratory response to hypoxaemia in both the awake and anaesthetised patient.

In the apex of the lung dead space